Genetic Variation and Educational Outcomes
Research shows that genetic variation accounts for approximately 50% of the educational outcome gaps observed in students. This insight, derived from twin studies and genome-wide association studies, highlights the significant role that genetics plays in educational attainment. Previously, twin studies were the primary method for assessing heritability, but the advent of genomics has allowed for a more direct examination of DNA variation and its impact on educational phenotypes.

Building on these insights, it’s clear that educational outcomes are influenced by thousands of tiny genetic variations, indicating a highly polygenic nature. Each variation might have a minuscule effect, but collectively, they contribute to the overall educational achievement of an individual. This understanding shifts the focus from group-level studies to individual-level predictions, allowing for more personalized educational strategies.